Paediatric Thoracic Conditions and Treatments

Involves diseases or injuries to the area of the body between the neck and the abdomen

Treatments

Lung infection (pneumonia) causing collection of fluid or pus in the chest (parapneumonic effusion and empyema) may require Video assisted Thoracoscopic surgery to clear the pus and inflammatory tissues
Congenital lung anomaly:
CCAM (congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation)
Congenital Emphysema
Bronchogenic cysts
Pulmonary sequestration
These abnormalities will most likely require surgery to remove the effected part of lung to enable the “good lung” to expand and to grow, this is performed by the keyhole, thoracoscopic, technique
Gastrostomy placement for feeding problems, this can be laparoscopic or endoscopic, and conversion to a button gastrostomy later

Hyperhydrosis or sweaty palms – if there is failure of simple measures to control the excessive sweating, and if causes much distress, a quick thoracoscopic surgery is all that is required to completely cure this condition
Oesophageal abnormalities such as strictures, duplication etc., need to be assessed and appropriate management undertaken. This may involve surgery
Chest wall deformity (pectus excervatum, pectus carinatum), these conditions will need thorough assessment and rarely will require surgery
Gastro oesophageal reflux disease (GORD or GERD)- failure of medical management of the reflux or if there was recurrent chest infection or if there were blue or life threatening episodes, a laparoscopic fundoplication is required
Bleeding from intestine (heamatemesis, vomiting blood or Per rectal bleeding) – often requires endoscopy

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